Thom Mayne, Short Bio of an American Pritzker Winner

Thom Mayne has been called many things, from an uncompromising rebel to just plain difficult. Hes also been an academic, mentor, and prize-winning architect for many decades. Most importantly, Maynes legacy includes solving urban problems through connections and viewing architecture as a continuous process rather than a static form. Background: Born: January 19, 1944, Waterbury, Connecticut Education and Professional Training: 1968: Bachelor of Architecture, University of Southern California1978: Master of Architecture, Harvard University Graduate School of Design Professional: 1968-1970: Planner for Victor Gruen1972: Founder Morphosis, Culver City, California1972: Co-founder Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc), Santa Monica, California Selected Buildings: 1978: 2-4-6-8 House, Venice, California1983: 72 Market Street Restaurant, Venice, CA (1986 AIA Merit Award)1986: Kate Mantilini Restaurant, Beverly Hills, CA1988: Cedar Sinai Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA1990: The Crawford Residence, Montecito, CA1991: Salick Health Care Office Building, Los Angeles, CA (1992 AIA Honor Award)1990: MTV Studios, Los Angeles, CA1995: The Blades Residence, Santa Barbara, CA1997: Sun Tower, Seoul, South Korea1999: Diamond Ranch High School, Pomona, California2002: Hypo Alpe-Adria Center, Austria2005: Caltrans District 7 Headquarters, Los Angeles, CA2006: Wayne L. Morse United States Courthouse, Oregon2007: U.S. Federal Building, San Francisco, CA2009: Float House, Make it Right Foundation2009: Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, 41 Cooper Square, NYC2013: Perot Museum of Nature and Science, Dallas, Texas2014: Gates Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York2014: Emerson Los Angeles (ELA), Hollywood, CA2016: Hanking Center T ower, Shenzhen, China2017: Bloomberg Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Other Designs: 1981: Vietnam War Memorial Competition1990: Osaka Expo 90 Folly, Japan2000: New York Times Magazine Time Capsule competition2003: Silent Collisions, Belgium Awards: 1987: Rome Prize, American Academy of Design in Rome1992: Brunner Prize Award in Architecture, American Academy of Arts and Letters2004: Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA)2005: Pritzker Prize2009: President Obamas Commission on Arts and Humanities2013: AIA Gold Medal Thom Mayne In His Own Words: I have absolutely no interest in producing a building that just accommodates X, Y and Z function.—2005, TED But basically, what we do is, we try to give coherence to the world. We make physical things, buildings that become a part in an accretional process; they make cities. And those things are the reflection of the processes, and the time that they are made. And what Im doing is attempting to synthesize the way one sees the world and the territories which are useful as generative material.—2005, TED ...the idea that architecture is defined as single buildings—of whatever size—that can be plugged into a comprehensible, planned urban matrix is no longer adequate to address the needs of people adapting to a highly mobile and ever-changing urban society.—2011, Combinatory Urbanism, p. 9 I have no interest at all in conceiving something in my brain and saying, This is what it looks like....Architecture is the beginning of something, because its—if youre not involved in first principles, if youre not involved in the absolute, the beginning of that generative process, its cake decoration....its not what Im interested in doing. And so, in the formation of things, in giving it form, in concretizing these things, it starts with some notion of how one organizes.—2005, TED The practice of architecture, which has traditionally been aligned with permanence and stability, must change to accommodate and take advantage of the rapid changes and increased complexities of contemporary reality....combinatory urbanism engages the premise of continuous process over static form....—2011, Combinatory Urbanism, p. 29 No matter what Ive done, what Ive tried to do, everybody says it cant be done. And its continuous across the complete spectrum of the various kind of realities that you confront with your ideas. And to be an architect, somehow you have to negotiate between left and right, and you have to negotiate between this very private place where ideas take place and the outside world, and then make it understood.—2005, TED If you want to survive, youre going to have to change. If you dont change, youre going to perish. Simple as that.—2005, AIA National Convention (PDF) What Others Say About Mayne: Thom Mayne has been, throughout his career, regarded as a rebel. Even today, after his recognized success as an architect of major building projects, requiring the management of a large office—Morphosis—and a world-wide practice, terms like maverick and bad boy and difficult to work with still cling to his reputation. Part of this is the attraction of the popular press, where he appears frequently, to anything racy and even slightly scandalous. Part of it is a sign of respect—we want our American heroes to be tough and independent, having their own ideals, charting their own paths. Part of it is, in Maynes case, simply true.—Lebbeus Woods (1940-2012), architect Maynes approach toward architecture and his philosophy is not derived from European modernism, Asian influences, or even from American precedents of the last century. He has sought throughout his career to create an original architecture, one that is truly representative of the unique, somewhat rootless, culture of Southern California, especially the architecturally rich city of Los Angeles. Like the Eameses, Neutra, Schindler, and Gehry before him, Thom Mayne is an authentic addition to the tradition of innovative, exciting architectural talent that flourishes on the West Coast.—Pritzker Architecture Prize Jury Citation Maynes architecture does not rebel against conventions so much as it absorbs and transforms them and moves on in a direction that demonstrates how buildings and the spaces they provide, both within and without, can engage the unpredictable yet highly tangible dynamics of the present. He accepts the conventional typologies—bank, high school, courthouse, office building—of the programs his clients hand to him, with a generosity that speaks of his respect for the needs of others, even those with whom he shares little in the way of outlook and sensibility.—Lebbeus Woods Sources: Whos Who in America 2012, 66th edition, vol. 2, Marquis Whos Who  ©2011, p. 2903; Biography, An Essay on Thom Mayne By Lebbeus Woods, and Jury Citation,  © The Hyatt Foundation, pritzkerprize.com; Thom Mayne on architecture as connection, TED Talk Filmed February 2005 [accessed June 13, 2013]; Combinatory Urbanism, Selected Introductory Material the New Orleans Urban Redevelopment chapter (PDF), 2011 [accessed June 16, 2013] Learn More: Combinatory Urbanism: The Complex Behavior of Collective Form by Thom Mayne, 2011Thom Mayne: U.S. Federal Office Building, San Francisco, Tom Piper and Charles Gansa, Directors, Landmarks in 21st Century American Architecture Series, Checkerboard Film Foundation, 2008 (DVD)Morphosis: Buildings and Projects

Pros For The Advancement Of Technology - 921 Words

Technology has the ability to make everyday life more convenient, provide more entertainment options and bring information from your fingertips to your eyes in a matter of seconds. The list of pros for the advancement of technology is almost endless and the cons may not be as large. Depending on your parenting style, the pros and cons could be switched around for those families. While the advantages are numerous the disadvantages and dangers can be just as long. Some of those dangers include pornography, racist propaganda, child predators and violent material just to name a few. Without taking an active role in a child’s online activities they could be set up for numerous and dangerous situations for not only them, but their families as well. Without proper interaction from adults children are at a greater risk of being exposed to inappropriate material. Luckily, there are plenty of resources available for parents to use to safeguard their children when it comes to online activities. One of the biggest things that all parents can do to ensure they make the internet safe is to be involved with online activities. Unfortunately, not all parents know how to use these resources to protect their kids while online or they simply choose to do nothing and expect their kids to do the right thing. Parents may unknowingly put too much faith into software that is designed to protect kid’s internet browsing by scanning websites for predefined characteristics that are consideredShow MoreRelatedtechnology and the workforce Essay837 Words   |  4 PagesShould we hold back technology to protect the unskilled workforce? Since the beginning of time, people have made and used tools to make everyday life simpler. The car was a major breakthrough for transporting people as well as goods and services. The conveyor belt also helped production rates for manufacturing, allowing the work force to finish goods almost 10 times faster. 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Strategies of Outsourcing and Offshoring †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategies of Outsourcing and Offshoring. Answer: Introduction: In todays business world, in order to sustain, business owners adopt ways and methods that can make their work flow fast and efficient(Kremic, 2006). Outsourcing is the only way that can prove beneficial as it assists in delegating work to outside people. The term outsourcing can also be defined as a process of delegating work to other people who are not joined with the firm but are supposed to carry certain tasks under agreed criteria(Bucki, 2017). Generally companies outsource tasks that require special treatment or the ones which could prove expensive for them. There are many ways by which outsourcing function can be carried like performing tasks in house, manufacturing in other units; IT enabled service, providing online jobs, or getting expert advices(Iqbal, 2013). Though there are many who do not believe in outsourcing as it has got many drawbacks also, but still on some or the other way has to delegate work to others like transportation, currier, engaging lawyers, etc. For a s ingle or limited group of people, to perform all the tasks are not possible and can lack quality(Mukherjee, 2014). In this research paper advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing business function will be reviewed and concluded after observing potential reasons for outsourcing in small and big organisations. Study made by many authors and researchers have been utilised in this paper to make detailed analysis of the topic to provide assistance to those who are planning to implement outsourcing function in their business. The primary feature of outsourcing i.e. performing work in shorter time along with cost reductive manner has made outsourcing function an integral part in many organisations. Companies outsources work to others in order to get involved with latest technologies and trends which could otherwise would have been difficult to perform under limited area and people(Pine, 2017). Thus external companies and agents with latest technologies are outsourced by major companies to get updated outcomes of latest trends. Time and cost saving are also significant objectives that makes organisations outsource their work along with getting efficiency(Iqbal, 2013). In the above figure it is clearly shown that objective behind outsourcing can be fulfilled in different manner but at the same time can become risk oriented without proper strategy. The reasons behind outsourcing are so apparent that sometimes many companies falls into its prey and has to bear unexpected losses(Mukherjee, 2014). To identify the pitfalls behind outsourcing it should be the primary target of businesses to recognize the risks before handed or else could lead them with adverse affects. In business where the work area is small and has limited capital, outsourcing becomes a great help as it enables sharing risks with outsourced agencies and thus releases risk of capital. Depending on the temperament of business, objectives behind outsourcing can vary but the ultimate goal lies in improving product/services(Syluancia, 2009). The scope or purpose of outsourcing is been identified to a great extent by business owners these days and have been accepted by them to fulfil many purposes(Riley, 2010). The basic scope provided by outsourcing, as shown in above figure can be further explained after evaluating it by placing different examples(Robe, 2017). Transitional or intermediary outsourcing is related to those tasks where company outsources particular task to outsiders for a certain period of time or till the task is completed. For example, delivery of goods, transporting raw materials to vendors, cleaning and sanitising, hiring mechanics for electrical fittings, labours, etc(Ahmed O. Al-Mutairi, 2015). These types of outsourcing provide a limited scope for risk as external agencies are engaged for shorter span of time. Selective outscoring is generally adopted by manufacturing companies as it deals in delegation of limited and particular work to outside companies on regular basis. Organisations where manufact uring small parts are not done in house as outsourcings confirm better way, selects other external companies to undertake that part in return of agreed costs. This function can be performed by outsourcing it to one or many companies at a time and involve risks higher than transitional outsourcing(Syluancia, 2009). Other examples are advertising function, computer related service, creative designer hiring, freelancers, etc(Pine, 2017). Lastly, there are organisations who believe in total outsourcing their business functions and assembling the entire work under their supervision. This kind of outsourcing is generally done in computer manufacturing companies where different parts of computers are assembled and is sold under name of outsourcing company. Many clothes manufacturing companies also outsources its works to different designers and tailors which are later on sold under companys name(Robe, 2017). In literature, outsourcing has gained much consequence and has become an important subject to study for researchers and writers(Kremic, 2006). The advantages of outsourcing can be identified largely which has made it an inevitable part of business. The below diagram gives an outline to the study which is further defined in a detailed and specific way with the help of studies made by different authors. Improve Company Focus has been an advantage which has made large companies adopts outsourcing. While work is delegated to outsiders, the management or executing part of the company gets released with energy which can be utilized in focussing other important areas while quality of the work is also not depreciated(Pine, 2017). Menial jobs can be outsourced as it comprises of minimum to no risk and leave the experts of the company to perform other growth oriented work. For example, in hotel business, if the regular purchasing or completed food delivery task is outsourced, it may release managers to perform other official works. In supply and logistics firm, transporting vehicles are outsourced which saves companys time and energy required for its regular maintenance of vehicle parts and hiring drivers(Robe, 2017). Reduced operating costs are another advantage recognised while outsourcing. This can also be said as main reason why small companies outsource its major work outside. While ou tsourcing, the need of hiring full time staff is eliminated and also to make arrangement to perform the task in house is not required(Ahmed O. Al-Mutairi, 2015). In manufacturing firms setting of machines is required and sometimes becomes difficult for the company to purchase and requirement of special trained staff for a particular task is also necessary. Outsourcing can be immensely used her for reducing cost of performing those tasks(Yeboah, 2013). Improvement in work quality is ensured in outsourcing as contracts are made by outsourcing firms and the outsourced agencies are obligated to perform the work under their conditions. While the experts are engaged, the efficiency and work quality is improved in cost effective way. For example, large organisations outsource its advertising part to social media and other advertising agencies that specialises in their field and with their experts and current knowledge about advertising, can provide better service to the organisations. While engaging experts to the company, business competence is gained. In organisation where large number of paper works is required to be dealt with along with handling legal cases, outsourcing can be done to experts who can handle the work more efficiently(Pellicelli, 2012). Like changes in government regulations and legal requirements is fast observed by experts of those fields and changes made according can be easily done without hampering business code. Strategic management is required in todays business scenario which can only be obtained by involving expert advices(Yeboah, 2013). Since their charges for full time service is higher, outsourcing becomes the way to get access to their expertise in reduced costs. For example, in construction firms where large number of contracts is made with suppliers and buyers, legal advices are required so that the companies are aware of government regulations regarding taxes and property leases. They outsource legal advisory works to agencies specialist in legal advising and corporate lawyers for getting acceptable advice(Gardener, 2015). Establishing world class technology is also ensured as outsourcing is generally made by the companies to them who are tailored with latest tools and procedures. Even if the company is older or has been established long way back, outsourcing its work to other companies with latest technologies can provide a scope for changeover to new trend. Smartphone companies utilising outsourcing techniques is visible in latest news where mobile producing companies outsources software development units to other advanced companies (Meyer, 2011). In airline industries also outsourcing have made a significant role where latest aircrafts and planes are manufactured by other companies with special and latest technologies(World Airline News, 2017). Lastly, to beat competition and gain sustainability, outsourcing plays an important role. This advantage is observed after realising all the above mentioned features and advantages of outsourcing by organisations as after realising it, the company must have b ecome enriched with all necessary features like cost efficiency, work effectiveness, expert engagement and time saving(Syluancia, 2009). To gain competitive advantage, the organisations follow strategic managerial procedures which can be in the form of self performance or outsourcing to other special agencies(Pellicelli, 2012). Thus the company is able to take on newer risks and challenges after outsourcing which might be helpful to overcome others in the same market area while reducing self energy for other expansion related work(Bucki, 2017). Outsourcing has many disadvantages also which has been discovered by researchers and had been estimated for business owners to make them aware of its cons while implementing it in their business(Simeoni, 2011). The following figure outlines major disadvantages of outsourcing and further explanation about it have been supported by various examples. Communication barriers are the most significant disadvantage noticed in outsourcing function as whenever outsourcing is done, it involves larger community of people belonging to different culture(Simeoni, 2011). There are times when the companies are unable to meet with the outsourcing agents personally and hence are unsure about their work quality. Where the outsourcing is done to other countries, this problem proves to be immense as language along with culture is highly diversified. This difference can lead to higher tendency of miscommunication and result in affecting the work performance(Telus International, 2017). For example, in construction industry the designing function is normally outsourced to other country experts to bring diversified and newer designs in their construction portfolio. If the designers are unaware of the climate or culture of the outsourcing countries and does not understand the actual requirement, the design sent by them can be of no use or when applied c an prove unsuccessful(Mahesh, 2009). The tendency of work quality reduction is higher in outsourcing as the external agents are more inclined to make profits rather than spending utmost time in product development or maintaining good quality throughout. As the quality reduces, sales also get down and hence prove to be fallback for the company. Management requires giving consideration to proper budgeting while utilizing outsourcing function as sometimes if miscalculated; outsourcing can prove to be cost escalating(Kremic, 2006). For example, in hospitals, cleaning function is normally outsourced to outer agencies. If the work area is limited and requires lesser time in cleaning and sanitising, the outsourcing can prove beneficial. On the other hand if the area is bigger and requires cleaning at regular intervals of the day with strict monitoring, outsourcing can prove expensive and hiring permanent staffing can then establish cost reductive way(Pine, 2017). The outsourcing agencies normally deal with many companies simultaneously to fulfil their primary target of profit earning. While they engage in many works at a time, propensity of delay at work is probable. Although agreements to maintain time punctuality is made in the agreements, still companies has to face trouble while not getting works done on time. This problem is normally faced while outsourcing transportation function and many companies face problems helplessly as the agents can easily make excuses of climatic and governmental issues(Kishore, 2010). Other issue faced by outsourcing companies are that they get delayed support by the outsourced companies at the time when any problem is identified in products or services. The external agencies who performs work for many companies might not get enough time to concentrate on each outsourcing company and while queries are delayed, the overall costs of the project is hampered along with companies getting annoyed. Lack of security o f data is another important disadvantage recognised while outsourcing. While internal management work is outsourced, data related to internal management and company secrets are sometimes required to be discussed with outsiders. Thus chances of getting them leaked become higher and loss of significant data might prove dangerous for the company(Telus International, 2017). For example, while outsourcing accounts maintaining function of business, the outsourced accounting agents or accountant may ask for credentials that are significant and at the same time necessary to present. If the outsourcing agent is fraud, they may make negative use of it and can even share or sell information with company competitors(Simeoni, 2011). Many companies also face problems while outsourcing as they tend to lose their control over the outsourced function. The external agencies or experts might not allow the company to invade into their work area and thus the owners remain unfamiliar with the work proces ses. Although they are entailed to spend expenses for work but to get control over it becomes difficult. The agencies sometimes take advantage of the situation and perform the work in inferior and degraded way(Mukherjee, 2014). Conclusion: It is important to understand pros and cons of outsourcing as it is continuously developing in business and has become an integral part of commerce(Kremic, 2006). Although researchers have provided with many reasons to implement outsourcing into business, at some areas gaps can be identified in the study which limits to cost and talent related function of outsourcing. To make the research more appropriate, those gaps should be identified by giving an insight to processes and methods of successful outsourcing. Objectives behind outsourcing are several but the major ones defined are introduction of talent and skill in the company along with reduction of cost(Riley, 2010). To save time and energy is also observed while outsourcing but at the same time can prove disadvantageous if not monitored with concern. Business owners who do not look into contracts before signing it with outsourced companies are normally the ones who suffers severely while other who take precautions gains utmost ad vantage of outsourcing(Pellicelli, 2012). The identification of advantages and disadvantages have been keenly observed in this report which can be summarised as advantages being potential enough to attract the business owners while disadvantages are the result which is faced by them due to negligence in strategic management(Kremic, 2006). References: A, V., 2017. 13 ultimate Pros and Cons of Outsourcing Offshoring. [Online] Available at: https://www.apoyocorp.com/13-ultimate-pros-and-cons-of-outsourcing-and-offshoring [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Ahmed O. Al-Mutairi, A.A.-H.a.K.F., 2015. Advantages and Disadvantages of Maintenance Outsourcing inManufacturing Companies: With Special References to JubailIndustrial City KSA. [Online] Available at: https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/viewFile/23828/24399 [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Bucki, J., 2017. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing in Business. [Online] Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-outsourcing-2533662 [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Gardener, J., 2015. Why consider outsourcing property management? [Online] Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-consider-outsourcing-property-management-james-gardner [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Iqbal, Z., 2013. Outsourcing: A Review of Trends, Winners Losers and Future Directions. [Online] Available at: https://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_8_Special_Issue_July_2013/9.pdf [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Jones, T., 2014. Must-Have Strategy Tools For Modern Businesses. [Online] Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140617114629-267655845-must-have-strategy-tools-for-modern-businesses [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Kishore, S.C.a.R., 2010. Determinants And Impacts Of Governance Forms On Outsourcing Performance: Evidence From A Case Study. [Online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274371877_Determinants_And_Impacts_Of_Governance_Forms_On_Outsourcing_Performance_Evidence_From_A_Case_Study [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Kremic, T., 2006. Outsourcing decision support: a survey of benefits, risks, and decision factors. [Online] Available at: https://ankara.lti.cs.cmu.edu/11780/sites/default/files/Outsourcing-Survey.pdf [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Mahesh, A., 2009. Hiring a designer: a clients perspective. [Online] Available at: https://www.davidairey.com/hiring-designers-client-perspective/ [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Meyer, D., 2011. Nokia announces layoffs and Symbian outsourcing. [Online] Available at: https://www.zdnet.com/article/nokia-announces-layoffs-and-symbian-outsourcing/ [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Mukherjee, R., 2014. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Outsourcing. [Online] Available at: https://blog.udemy.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-outsourcing/ [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Pellicelli, P.M.a.M., 2012. The Strategies of Outsourcing and Offshoring. [Online] Available at: https://www.aijcrnet.com/journals/Vol_2_No_9_September_2012/15.pdf [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Pine, M., 2017. Why Do Companies Outsource? [Online] Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/why-do-companies-outsource-2553035 [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Riley, J., 2010. QA - Explain what is meant by outsourcing. [Online] Available at: https://www.tutor2u.net/business/blog/qa-explain-what-is-meant-by-outsourcing [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Robe, E., 2017. What are examples of outsourcing? [Online] Available at: https://www.quora.com/What-are-examples-of-outsourcing [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Simeoni, R., 2011. Understanding Outsourcing Arrangements 2. The reasons and the risks of outsourcing. [Online] Available at: https://inspiringscm.wordpress.com/2011/03/17/understanding-outsourcing-arrangements-2-the-reasons-and-the-risks-of-outsourcing/ [Accessed 29 August 2017]. Syluancia, L., 2009. The Objectives of Outsourcing. [Online] Available at: https://ezinearticles.com/?The-Objectives-of-Outsourcingid=3188795 [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Telus International, 2017. 5 False Assumptions every Executive should Know about Outsourcing. [Online] Available at: https://telusinternational-europe.com/false-assumptions-outsourcing/ [Accessed 29 August 2017]. World Airline News, 2017. Singapore Airlines to order 20 Boeing 777-9s and 19787-10 Dreamliners. [Online] Available at: https://worldairlinenews.com/category/singapore-airlines/ [Accessed 28 August 2017]. Yeboah, A., 2013. The Relationship Between Outsourcing And Organizational Performance. [Online] Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.735.2183rep=rep1type=pdf [Accessed August29 2017].